MPOX TRACKER

Sierra Leone has reported its first mpox case since the World Health Organization declared the disease a global public health emergency in 2024. The case involves a 27-year-old man from the rural Western Zone near Freetown, confirmed positive on January 10. Mpox, caused by a virus related to smallpox, presents with high fever and skin lesions. Though initially endemic to a limited number of African countries, the disease began spreading internationally in 2022, reaching areas with no prior history of mpox.

Health authorities have responded decisively, isolating the patient and launching efforts to trace and monitor his contacts for a 21-day period. Surveillance has been ramped up in areas visited by the patient, and a public awareness campaign has been initiated to educate communities about prevention and early detection. Healthcare workers are being equipped with personal protective equipment and trained in infection prevention and control measures.

This case presents a critical test for Sierra Leone, which continues to rebuild its healthcare infrastructure following the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic. That crisis claimed nearly 4,000 lives, including almost seven percent of the nation’s healthcare workers, leaving a legacy of vulnerability in its public health system.

By swiftly activating containment protocols and emphasizing education and resource allocation, Sierra Leone demonstrates its commitment to preventing further spread of mpox. However, this incident underscores the broader need for global cooperation in addressing emerging infectious diseases. As mpox continues to spread, investments in health infrastructure, cross-border collaboration, and proactive public health measures will be crucial for countries like Sierra Leone to effectively manage outbreaks and safeguard public health.