MPOX TRACKER

New South Wales is grappling with its most significant mpox outbreak since the virus first appeared in the state in May 2022. Since June 1, 2024, health authorities have recorded 433 cases, with 26 individuals requiring hospitalization due to severe symptoms. NSW Chief Health Officer Dr. Kerry Chant has described the rapidly rising numbers as "very concerning."

The outbreak has highlighted the crucial role of vaccination in mitigating the severity of mpox infections. Almost half of the infected individuals were unvaccinated, while 14% had received one dose, and nearly 40% were fully vaccinated. Notably, the majority of hospitalizations occurred among those with partial or no vaccination, underscoring the vaccine's effectiveness in reducing severe illness.

In response to the surge, NSW health authorities are offering two free doses of the mpox vaccine to high-risk groups, including men who have sex with men, sex workers, and their sexual partners. This initiative aims to increase vaccination rates and curb the spread of the virus, regardless of Medicare status.

The outbreak in NSW is not an isolated incident. Victoria has reported a similar increase, with 120 cases identified between April and August 2024. This resurgence is particularly noteworthy given that Australia recorded only 26 cases in the entirety of 2023.

While the current outbreak is cause for concern, health officials remain vigilant for any signs of the new mpox virus strain, clade 1b, which has been circulating in parts of Africa since early 2023. To date, no cases of this new strain have been detected in Australia.

As the situation continues to evolve, health authorities stress the importance of vaccination and early detection in managing the outbreak. They urge individuals in high-risk groups to complete their vaccinations, emphasizing that two doses provide vital protection against severe illness caused by the virus.