MPOX TRACKER

This week, the Democratic Republic of Congo began administering mpox vaccines to adults in Kinshasa, marking progress in controlling the outbreak. However, critical vaccinations for children—the most vulnerable group—remain on hold due to delays tied to liability negotiations over a Japanese donation of LC16m8 vaccines. Japan pledged three million doses, the largest single donation to date, but discussions over side-effect liability postponed their delivery. While Congo’s health minister confirmed the issue is now resolved, the delay highlights systemic challenges in global health responses during crises.

LC16m8 is the only mpox vaccine approved for children and received emergency clearance from WHO last week. Unlike the Bavarian Nordic vaccine, used for adults, LC16m8 lacks full regulatory approval, requiring liability agreements to address rare but potentially high-cost side-effect claims. This challenge is not unique; similar issues delayed COVID-19 vaccine rollouts, demonstrating the urgent need for pre-established, no-fault compensation systems to facilitate swift vaccine distribution during public health emergencies.

With over 1,100 suspected mpox deaths in Africa this year—many among children—rapid deployment of these vaccines is critical. Health officials warn that training will be needed for administering LC16m8 with bifurcated needles, a process requiring 15 precise skin pricks. Japan has pledged both the vaccines and the necessary needles, but widespread use will also depend on community outreach and education to ensure effective delivery.

As Congo prepares to vaccinate its most vulnerable populations, this case underscores the importance of global collaboration and proactive planning. Establishing clear liability frameworks and logistical strategies before emergencies arise can prevent life-saving interventions from being delayed. The LC16m8 rollout offers a valuable opportunity to learn and improve international health preparedness for future crises.