Mpox is a contagious virus known for its distinctive
skin lesions and flu-like symptoms
PATIENT MANAGEMENT
Condition | How It Differs from Mpox |
|---|---|
Allergic reactions | Widespread rashes, but without the progression seen in mpox. |
Herpes / syphilis (STIs) | May cause sores, but with a less defined progression. |
Scabies | Intense itching, but lesions appear differently and in different locations. |
Bacterial skin infections | Swelling and redness but no firm, deep-seated lesions. |
Measles | Typically accompanied by cough, runny nose, and red eyes. |
Chickenpox | Lesions are more superficial and lack a central dot (umbilication). |
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING IN THE U.S.
In the United States, 23 manufacturers currently provide mpox tests (FIND, 2024). Additionally, new testing methods, such as Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), antigen detection, and serological tests, are under development to further enhance diagnostic capabilities.
Current Testing Methods
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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) – PCR tests are the preferred way to diagnose mpox and are commonly used for Clade IIb mpox. The qPCR test from Quest Diagnostics (2023) is popular as it allows testing from lesion crusts rather than requiring lesion fluid.
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Clade-Specific Testing — In the U.S., four manufacturers produce tests for Clade I; however, only one test can inform clinical care. Limited availability poses a potential risk if the more severe Clade I spreads to non-endemic regions. For Clade II, multiple, well-supported testing options are available across the U.S.